Laser-activated irrigation: Cavitation and streaming effects from dental lasers

Introduction The aim of the present study was to assess generation laser-activated irrigation (LAI) with a 9,300-nm CO 2 laser, 455- and 970-nm diode laser as well an 810- 980-nm without carbon-coated “hot-tips” for improved in endodontics. Therefore, formation cavitation bubbles at tip-ends different liquids evaluated compared traditionally applied Er:YAG laser. Methods power settings repetition rate 14 Hz, SIROLASE each wavelength 10% Duty Cycle, WISER both wavelengths wavelengths. LAI videotaped high-speed camera. To measure streaming velocity due cavitation, all lasers were loosely coated carbon particles activated pure water. Then, LAI, moving same camera set-up. determine velocities, movement one particle tracked help measuring tool ImageJP software velocities calculated. Results With devices four wavelengths, it only possible introduce clear low-power parameters (180 mW 200 average laser), black coating tips. produced tested parameters. Consequently, liquid, decreasing increasing distances from tip: 6.4 m/s, up 5 range 0.01–0.09 m/s. LIA generated high similar velocities. significantly lower